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Offshore Outsourcing Costs: Known or Still Hidden?
Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Computing, Department of Software Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1744-3118
SINTEF, NOR.
Buskerud Fylkeskommune, NOR.
Universitetet i Oslo, NOR.
2019 (English)In: Proceedings - 2019 ACM/IEEE 14th International Conference on Global Software Engineering, ICGSE 2019, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2019, p. 40-47, article id 8807622Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Offshore outsourcing of software development has been both famous for the promises of great cost reductions, and infamous for the hidden costs associated with the challenges of organizing software work over distance. Experience shows that many of these costs do not receive the deserved attention and are often excluded when making offshoring decisions. As a result, there is often a significant deviation between the expected and the realized costs of offshoring. In this paper, we investigate the awareness of the extra costs when making an offshoring decision, and the significance of the actual cost deviations. We conducted a single case study of a company that carried out an offshore outsourcing pilot project. We collected qualitative data from interviews, observations and a retrospective, and quantitative data on the costs and effort associated with the project. We conclude that the company was aware of the hidden cost factors, but largely underestimated their significance. The costs that surfaced in the studied project accounted for a total deviation of 181% and several individual cost categories with more than 400% overrun. The two main cost drivers in our study were the distance and poor process fit, which escalated the investments needed to make the collaboration work. Our results suggest that pilots are useful to understand the key problem areas in an offshoring collaboration, but too limited to shed light on all potential problems (e.g. turnover) due to the short timeframe. We also conclude that results of pilot projects shall not be the only data source when calculating the true costs of offshoring, since the start-up phase of an offshoring relationship carries large investments. Finally, we provide recommendations for companies in a similar situation on how to run and learn from offshore outsourcing pilot projects. © 2019 IEEE.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2019. p. 40-47, article id 8807622
Keywords [en]
cost-savings, extra costs, global software engineering, hidden costs, offshore outsourcing, offshoring, Cost reduction, Offshore oil well production, Outsourcing, Software design, Cost saving, Off-shoring, Cost engineering
National Category
Software Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:bth-18674DOI: 10.1109/ICGSE.2019.00022ISI: 000538556600007ISBN: 9781538691960 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:bth-18674DiVA, id: diva2:1352651
Conference
14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering, ICGSE, Montreal, 25 May 2019 through 26 May 2019
Available from: 2019-09-19 Created: 2019-09-19 Last updated: 2021-04-27Bibliographically approved

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Publisher's full texthttps://www2.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85072098265&doi=10.1109%2fICGSE.2019.00022&partnerID=40&md5=c8b4cbe68c9d57cf63f8b228fbd700f7

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Šmite, Darja

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