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Total Cost of Ownership Model and Significant Cost Parameters for the Design of Electric Bus Systems
Chalmers Tekniska Högskola, SWE.
Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Strategic Sustainable Development. (SustainTrans)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8314-7504
RISE Sweden, SWE.
2020 (English)In: Energies, E-ISSN 1996-1073, Vol. 13, no 12, p. 1-28, article id 3262Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Without experiences of electric buses, public transport authorities and bus operators have faced questions about how to implement them in a cost-effective way. Simple cost modelling cannot show how costs for different types of electric buses differ between different routes and timetables. Tools (e.g., HASTUS, PtMS, and optibus) which can analyse such details are complicated, time consuming to use, and provide insufficient insights into the mechanisms that influence the cost. This paper therefore proposes a method for how to calculate total cost of ownership, for different types of electric buses, in a way which can predict how the cost varies based on route and timetable. The method excludes factors which cause minor cost variations in an almost random manor, in order to better show the fundamental mechanisms influencing different costs. The method will help in finding ways to reduce the cost and help to define a few cases which deserve a deep analysis with more complete tools. Testing of the method in a Swedish context showed that the results are in line with other theoretical and practical studies, and how the total cost of ownership can vary depending on the variables.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI, 2020. Vol. 13, no 12, p. 1-28, article id 3262
Keywords [en]
electric bus; cost model; total cost of ownership; TCO; charging strategy; public transport; sustainability
National Category
Civil Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:bth-19913DOI: 10.3390/en13123262ISI: 000550143100001OAI: oai:DiVA.org:bth-19913DiVA, id: diva2:1446451
Part of project
Decision support for implementing electric buses in public transport, Swedish Energy Agency
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, P41411-1
Note

open access

Available from: 2020-06-24 Created: 2020-06-24 Last updated: 2023-08-28Bibliographically approved

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fulltext(4600 kB)1418 downloads
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Publisher's full texthttps://www.mdpi.com/751268

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Borén, Sven

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