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A blockchain-based multi-factor authentication model for a cloud-enabled internet of vehicles
Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Computing, Department of Computer Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4071-4596
Tartu University, EST.
Community College Qatar, QAT.
Uppsala University, SWE.
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2021 (English)In: Sensors, E-ISSN 1424-8220, Vol. 21, no 18, article id 6018Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Continuous and emerging advances in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have enabled Internet-of-Things (IoT)-to-Cloud applications to be induced by data pipelines and Edge Intelligence-based architectures. Advanced vehicular networks greatly benefit from these architectures due to the implicit functionalities that are focused on realizing the Internet of Vehicle (IoV) vision. However, IoV is susceptible to attacks, where adversaries can easily exploit existing vulnerabilities. Several attacks may succeed due to inadequate or ineffective authentication techniques. Hence, there is a timely need for hardening the authentication process through cutting-edge access control mechanisms. This paper proposes a Blockchain-based Multi-Factor authentication model that uses an embedded Digital Signature (MFBC_eDS) for vehicular clouds and Cloud-enabled IoV. Our proposed MFBC_eDS model consists of a scheme that integrates the Security Assertion Mark-up Language (SAML) to the Single Sign-On (SSO) capabilities for a connected edge to cloud ecosystem. MFBC_eDS draws an essential comparison with the baseline authentication scheme suggested by Karla and Sood. Based on the foundations of Karla and Sood’s scheme, an embedded Probabilistic Polynomial-Time Algorithm (ePPTA) and an additional Hash function for the Pi generated during Karla and Sood’s authentication were proposed and discussed. The preliminary analysis of the proposition shows that the approach is more suitable to counter major adversarial attacks in an IoV-centered environment based on the Dolev–Yao adversarial model while satisfying aspects of the Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA) triad. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI , 2021. Vol. 21, no 18, article id 6018
Keywords [en]
Access control, Blockchain, Cloud-enabled systems, Internet of Vehicles, Multi-factor authentication, Hash functions, Internet of things, Network architecture, Polynomial approximation, Vehicle to vehicle communications, Access control mechanism, Authentication scheme, Authentication techniques, Information and Communication Technologies, Internet of Things (IOT), Preliminary analysis, Probabilistic polynomial time, Authentication
National Category
Media and Communication Technology Communication Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:bth-22143DOI: 10.3390/s21186018ISI: 000701067400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85114330436OAI: oai:DiVA.org:bth-22143DiVA, id: diva2:1595157
Funder
European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), MOBTT75
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open access

Available from: 2021-09-17 Created: 2021-09-17 Last updated: 2022-02-10Bibliographically approved

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Kebande, Victor R.

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