Injection-molded polyethylene plates exhibit highly anisotropic mechanical behavior due to, e.g., the uneven orientation of the polymer chains during the molding process and the differential cooling, especially in the thickness direction. Elastoplastic finite element modeling of these plates in particular is used with isotropic yield criteria like von Mises, trading off accuracy in favor of simpler constitutive characterization and faster solution. This article studies three different anisotropic yield criteria, namely, Hill 1948, Barlat Yld91, and Barlat Yld2004-18P, for the finite element modeling of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) at large uniaxial tensile deformation and compares the accuracy and computation time with von Mises. A simplified calibration technique is investigated to identify the constitutive parameters of the studied Barlat group yield criteria. The calibration process is simplified in the sense that only uniaxial tensile tests with digital image correlation measurements are used for the calibration of all the yield criteria studied in this article, although a standard calibration procedure for the Barlat group yield criteria requires additional material testing using more demanding test setups. It is concluded that both Barlat Yld91 and Barlat Yld2004-18P yield criteria can be calibrated with only a few tensile tests and still capture anisotropy in deformation–stress–strain at different levels of accuracy. © 2023 by the authors.