Ultra-wideband (UWB) offers a high data rate transmission, however it only can be used in short distance communication due to its low power restricted by regulations, therefore it is applicable for an indoor scenario. Within an enclosed (indoor) scenario, there exist many possible multipaths of electromagnetic waves which lead to an effect known as fading [Big07]. Since SISO systems suffer severely from it, in contrast, multiple-output-multiple-input (MIMO) systems take advantage of this multipath/diversity effect. Typical MIMO system utilizes antenna arrays to generate subchannels, but it has no guarantee of orthogonal channels or maximum capacity. Using a new antenna synthesis algorithm, optimal subchannels can be computed by decomposing the MIMO channel into parallel SISO subchannels through the employment of sampling antennas. Thereafter optimal real word antennas can be designed according to the synthesized antenna radiation pattern which result in the reduced hardware. The goal of this thesis will be expressed as follows: Firstly, a good strategy planning to reduce computing effort should be realized since all the design parameters to be analyzed are frequency dependent. Furthermore, a systematic framework of the synthesis must be designed for the UWB band. Lastly, the corresponding real world antenna should be designed and verified. In this thesis, a systematic synthesis framework has be developed and analyzed for the UWB spectrum. The channel matrix acquisition, the design of the ‘sampling antennas’ along with the algorithm to decompose the MIMO channel into parallel independent SISO subchannels are discussed in detail. Two realizations of the real world antennas as well as all the challenges in the design process are also presented. As consequences, an antenna system with optimal radiation pattern has been synthesized. This antenna system radiates orthogonal channels with sufficient power and has fixed beamforming (direction optimized according to the scenario and with averaging over various positions along with rotations) at the transmitter and receiver. The maximum capacity takes into account the scenario, frequency band, physical available space for the antenna array and polarization (added degree of freedom). This work also organizes the antenna synthesis algorithm for UWB in a systematic framework, meeting the objectives of the project.

In this thesis, a UWB antenna synthesis based on the averaging strategies for the predefined indoor communication scenarios has been proposed, which contains both the indoor communication theoretical analysis and real world realization. The algorithm can be applied in an arbitrary indoor scenario over ultra wideband frequency. All synthesized results demonstrated that the designed sampling antenna configuration is able to provide optimized solutions. The synthesis method is based on computing optimal antenna configurations for a MIMO ultrawideband system. In order to maximize the throughput, there exists a sampling volume for both transmit and receive antennas. As such, the face-centered and body-centered cubic antenna arrays are utilized. Given that the system operates in the UWB band with a cognitive feature, the type of antenna, orientation, placement and MIMO diversity scheme have been well investigated. The radiation patterns of the antenna array cover the sampling volume and the bandwidth cover the UWB band. The goal of this thesis work concentrates on the analysis of an indoor communication to find an optimum solution on the antenna configuration and placement. The final objective was to design and realize an optimal MIMO-UWB antenna system.