The rapid growth of energy demand results in all countries being faced with pressure on energy access and energy security. In Thailand, the need to achieve renewable energy targets is not only creating energy security, but also causing provincial development. This thesis examines the effort to implement renewable energy policy at the provincial level to track actions and cooperation of the state that push for the use of renewable energy. The study searches for the interactions, policy instruments, and barriers to transitioning to renewable energy policy using the case of Suphanburi province to gain insights into the implementation actions of the policy at the provincial level. Moreover, the study also examines actions to implement and integrate the policy into different sectors in the new rural paradigm concept of OECD, which in turn is the ultimate achievement for energy security and sustainable development. Barriers to implementation are analyzed for monitor the strategy and to ultimately find a solution to the existing obstacles at the provincial level in practice. With the benefit of foresight, renewable energy can possibly become part of building rural development in long-term to fulfill the country’s renewable energy plan and energy development in the future.