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  • 1.
    Adesina, Owolabi Abiona
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Statistical Modelling and the Fokker-Planck Equation2008Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    A stochastic process or sometimes called random process is the counterpart to a deterministic process in theory. A stochastic process is a random field, whose domain is a region of space, in other words, a random function whose arguments are drawn from a range of continuously changing values. In this case, Instead of dealing only with one possible 'reality' of how the process might evolve under time (as is the case, for example, for solutions of an ordinary differential equation), in a stochastic or random process there is some indeterminacy in its future evolution described by probability distributions. This means that even if the initial condition (or starting point) is known, there are many possibilities the process might go to, but some paths are more probable and others less. However, in discrete time, a stochastic process amounts to a sequence of random variables known as a time series. Over the past decades, the problems of synergetic are concerned with the study of macroscopic quantitative changes of systems belonging to various disciplines such as natural science, physical science and electrical engineering. When such transition from one state to another take place, fluctuations i.e. (random process) may play an important role. Fluctuations in its sense are very common in a large number of fields and nearly every system is subjected to complicated external or internal influences that are often termed noise or fluctuations. Fokker-Planck equation has turned out to provide a powerful tool with which the effects of fluctuation or noise close to transition points can be adequately be treated. For this reason, in this thesis work analytical and numerical methods of solving Fokker-Planck equation, its derivation and some of its applications will be carefully treated. Emphasis will be on both for one variable and N- dimensional cases.

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  • 2. Adolfsson, Vilhelm
    et al.
    Goldberg, Max
    Jawerth, Björna
    Lennerstad, Håkan
    Localized Galerkin Estimates for Boundary Integral Equations on Lipschitz Domanis1992In: SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis, Vol. 5, no 23, p. 751-764Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Galerkin method is studied for solving the boundary integral equations associated with the Laplace operator on nonsmooth domains. Convergence is established with a condition on the meshsize, which involves the local curvature on certain approximating domains. Error estimates are also proved, and the results are generalized to systems of equations.

  • 3.
    Ahmad, Naseer
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Telecommunication Systems.
    Security Issues in Wireless Systems2009Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    ireless Communication is one of the fields of Telecommunications which is growing with the tremendous speed. With the passage of time wireless communication devices are becoming more and more common. It is not only the technology of business but now people are using it to perform their daily tasks, be it for calling, shopping, checking their emails or transfer their money. Wireless communication devices include cellular phones, cordless phones and satellite phones, smart phones like Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), two way pagers, and lots of their devices are on their way to improve this wireless world. In order to establish two way communications, a wireless link may be using radio waves or Infrared light. The Wireless communication technologies have become increasingly popular in our everyday life. The hand held devices like Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) allow the users to access calendars, mails, addresses, phone number lists and the internet. Personal digital assistants (PDA) and smart phones can store large amounts of data and connect to a broad spectrum of networks, making them as important and sensitive computing platforms as laptop PCs when it comes to an organization’s security plan. Today’s mobile devices offer many benefits to enterprises. Mobile phones, hand held computers and other wireless systems are becoming a tempting target for virus writers. Mobile devices are the new frontier for viruses, spam and other potential security threats. Most viruses, Trojans and worms have already been created that exploit vulnerabilities. With an increasing amount of information being sent through wireless channels, new threats are opening up. Viruses have been growing fast as handsets increasingly resemble small computers that connect with each other and the internet. Hackers have also discovered that many corporate wireless local area networks (WLAN) in major cities were not properly secured. Mobile phone operators say that it is only a matter of time before the wireless world is hit by the same sorts of viruses and worms that attack computer software.

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  • 4.
    Ahmed, Uzair
    et al.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Saqib, Muhammad
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Optimal Solutions Of Fuzzy Relation Equations2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Fuzzy relation equations are becoming extremely important in order to investigate the optimal solution of the inverse problem even though there is a restrictive condition for the availability of the solution of such inverse problems. We discussed the methods for finding the optimal (maximum and minimum) solution of inverse problem of fuzzy relation equation of the form $R \circ Q = T$ where for both cases R and Q are kept unknown interchangeably using different operators (e.g. alpha, sigma etc.). The aim of this study is to make an in-depth finding of best project among the host of projects, depending upon different factors (e.g. capital cost, risk management etc.) in the field of civil engineering. On the way to accomplish this aim, two linguistic variables are introduced to deal with the uncertainty factor which appears in civil engineering problems. Alpha-composition is used to compute the solution of fuzzy relation equation. Then the evaluation of the projects is orchestrated by defuzzifying the obtained results. The importance of adhering to such synopsis, in the field of civil engineering, is demonstrated by an example.

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  • 5.
    Ahmed, Zaki
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Modeling and Simulation of Urea Dosing System2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    To protect our health and environment from pollution, among others regulatory agencies in the European Union (EU) and legislation from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has required that pollutants produced by diesel engines - such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (HC) and particulate matter (PM) - be reduced. The key emission reduction and control technologies available for NOx control on Diesel engines are combination of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR). SCR addresses emission reduction through the use of Diesel Exhuast Fluid (DEF), which has a trade-name AdBlue. Which is 32.5% high purity urea and 67.5% deionized water, Adblue in the hot exhaust gas decomposes into ammonia (NH3) which then reacts with surface of the catalyst to produce harmless nitrogen(N2) and water (H20). Highest NOx conversion ratios while avoiding ammonia slip is achieved by Efficient SCR and accurate Urea Dosing System it’s therefore critical we model and simulate the UDS in order to analyze and gain holistic understanding of the UDS dynamic behavior. The process of Modeling and Simulating of Urea Dosing System is a result of a compromise between two opposing trends. Firstly, one needs to use as much mathematical models as it takes to correctly describe the fundamental principles of fluid dynamics such as, (1) mass is conserved (2), Newton’s second law and (3) energy is conserved, secondly the model needs to be as simple as possible, in order to express a simple and useful picture of real systems. Numerical model for the simulation of Urea Dosing System is implemented in GT Suite® environment, it is complete UDS Model (Hydraulic circuit and Dosing Unit) and it stands out for its ease of use and simulation fastness, The UDS model has been developed and validated using as reference Hilite Airless Dosing System at the ATC Lab, results provided by the model allow to analyze the UDS pump operation, as well the complete system, showing the trend of some important parameters which are difficult to measure such as viscosity, density, Reynolds number and giving plenty of useful information to understand the influence of the main design parameters of the pump, such as volumetric efficiency, speed and flow relations.

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  • 6.
    Ataeian, Seyed Mohsen
    et al.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Computing.
    Darbandi, Mehrnaz Jaberi
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Computing.
    Analysis of Quality of Experience by applying Fuzzy logic: A study on response time2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    To be successful in today's competitive market, service providers should look at user's satisfaction as a critical key. In order to gain a better understanding of customers' expectations, a proper evaluations which considers intrinsic characteristics of perceived quality of service is needed. Due to the subjective nature of quality, the vagueness of human judgment and the uncertainty about the degree of users' linguistic satisfaction, fuzziness is associated with quality of experience. Considering the capability of Fuzzy logic in dealing with imprecision and qualitative knowledge, it would be wise to apply it as a powerful mathematical tool for analyzing the quality of experience (QoE). This thesis proposes a fuzzy procedure to evaluate the quality of experience. In our proposed methodology, we provide a fuzzy relationship between QoE and Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. To identify this fuzzy relationship a new term called Fuzzi ed Opinion Score (FOS) representing a fuzzy quality scale is introduced. A fuzzy data mining method is applied to construct the required number of fuzzy sets. Then, the appropriate membership functions describing fuzzy sets are modeled and compared with each other. The proposed methodology will assist service providers for better decision-making and resource management.

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  • 7. Avdonina, Elena D.
    et al.
    Ibragimov, Nail H.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Heat conduction in anisotropic media: Nonlinear self-adjointness and conservation laws2012In: Discontinuity, Nonlinearity and Complexity, ISSN 2164-6376, Vol. 1, no 3, p. 237-251Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Nonlinear self-adjointness of the anisotropic nonlinear heat equation is investigated. Mathematical models of heat conduction in anisotropic media with a source are considered and a class of self-adjoint models is identified. Conservation laws corresponding to the symmetries of the equations in question are computed.

  • 8. Avdonina, Elena D.
    et al.
    Ibragimov, Nail H.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Khamitova, Raisa
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Exact solutions of gasdynamic equations obtained by the method of conservation laws2013In: Communications in nonlinear science & numerical simulation, ISSN 1007-5704, E-ISSN 1878-7274, Vol. 18Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the present paper, the recent method of conservation laws for constructing exact solutions for systems of nonlinear partial differential equations is applied to the gasdynamic equations describing one-dimensional and three-dimensional polytropic flows. In the one-dimensional case singular solutions are constructed in closed forms. In the threedimensional case several conservation laws are used simultaneously. It is shown that the method of conservation laws leads to particular solutions different from group invariant solutions.

  • 9.
    AWOMEWE, Alaba-Femi
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Monitoring the volatility in a process which reflects trading in the financial market2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Recently, the financial market has become an area of increased research interest for mathematician and statisticians. The Black and Scholes breakthrough in this area triggered a lot of new research activity. Commonly the research concerns the log returns of assets (shares, bond, foreign exchange, option). The variation in the log returns is called volatility and it is widely studied and because of its relevance for applications in the financial world. The volatility is mostly used for measuring the risk and also for forecasting future prices. In this research work a process of trading activities is considered. It is assumed that at a random time-point a parameter change in the laws of the trading occurs, indicating changed trading behaviour. For inferential matters about the process it is of vital importance to be able to state that such change has occurred quickly and accurately. The methods used to this end are called stopping rules which signal alarm as soon as some statistics based on-line observations goes beyond some boundary. The model considered for this process of log returns is the family of Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedastic (ARCH) model. It is widely accepted that this well describes a lot of phenomena in the financial market. In this work statements about this process will be derived, the stopping rule will be defined, evaluated and their properties discussed.

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  • 10.
    Ayub, Muhammad
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Choquet and Sugeno Integrals2009Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In real word many problems, most of criteria have interdependent or interactive characteristics, which cannot be evaluated by additive measures exactly. For the human subjective evaluation processes it will be more better to apply Choquet and Sugeno integrals model together with the definition of lambda − fuzzy measure, in which the property of additivity is not necessary. My thesis presents the application of fuzzy integrals as tool for criteria aggregation in the decision problems. Finally, this research gives the examples of evaluating medicine with illustrations of hierarchicalstructure of lambda− fuzzy measure for Choquet and Sugeno integrals model.

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  • 11. Bell, Tim
    et al.
    Wada, Ben T
    Kanemunu, Susumu
    Xia, Xie
    Lee, WonGyu
    Choi, SookKyoung
    Aspvall, Bengt
    Wingkvist, Anna
    Making Computer Science Activities Accessible for the Languages and Cultures of Japan, Korea, China and Sweden2008Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    When teaching material is translated into another language, text-based examples can lose their significance, analogies may be meaningless in the local culture, and there may even be problems with physical access to the material. We consider principles for addressing these issues so that teaching examples can be made accessible to a diverse range of languages and cultures. We present a case study of the adaptation of a free resource for school outreach and lecture demonstrations (csunplugged.org), looking at issues encountered for Japanese, Korean, Chinese and Swedish translations. These represent a large range of languages, types of alphabets and cultures.

  • 12.
    Biswas, Md Abdul Matin
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Exploiting the Direct Communication Link for Enhancing Effective Capacity Performance of Cognitive Radio Relay Networks2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Nowadays, cognitive radio (CR) is a promising concept to improve the radio spectrum exploitation. CR has tremendous ability to enhance spectrum efficiency by allowing secondary users (SUs) to access licensed radio spectrum resource which is currently not being used by primary users (PUs). One basic challenge of that paradigm is securing the quality of service (QoS) of the primary link transmission while increasing the rate of the secondary links transmission. Cooperative relaying is an encouraging technology which offers the opportunity to maximize the transmission diversity gain significantly in the rapid development growth of wireless communication which contains cognitive radio networks. On the other hand, effective capacity (EC) which is designed to provide a maximum constant arrival rate that a statistical wireless channels can support while satisfying statistical QoS requirements. In this thesis, the performance enhancement analysis of cognitive radio relay network (CRRN) by exploiting the direct communication link has been investigated in Rayleigh fading channel where peak interference power constraint is taken into consider. A spectrum sharing technique is considered in this thesis where a restriction of spectrum sharing is applied by the PUs. Here, an SU can coexist simultaneously with the PU for transmitting data as long as a certain threshold on the peak interference power applied on the primary receiver is not overstepped by the SUs transmission. In addition, it is supposed that there are multiple intermediate relay nodes available to transmit their signal to the destination along with a direct communication link for secondary transmission. Moreover, the SU transmission has to meet a random delay QoS constraint. By providing this QoS constraint, the maximum arrival data rate of SUs can be achieved with small error of probability. Specifically, this thesis also acquires closed-form expressions of EC for CRRN. It is evident that if the channel quality and the interference threshold set by the PU are changed, then the capacity of the channel is also to be changed. In addition, it is also verified that the direct communication link together with multiple relay nodes has significantly higher capacity gains compare to non-direct communication link for CRRN. Matlab simulations are presented to find out theoretical results and Monte-Carlo simulations are carried out to support these numerical results. Both the simulation results and the analytical results match very well.

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  • 13. Boszhkov, Yuri
    et al.
    Freire, Igor
    Ibragimov, Nail H.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Group analysis of the Novikov equation2014In: Computational and Applied Mathematics, ISSN 2238-3603, E-ISSN 1807-0302, Vol. 33, no 1, p. 193-202Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We find the Lie point symmetries of the Novikov equation and demonstrate that it is strictly self-adjoint. Using the self-adjointness and the recent technique for constructing conserved vectors associated with symmetries of differential equations, we find the conservation law corresponding to the dilation symmetry and show that other symmetries do not provide nontrivial conservation laws. Then we investigate the invariant solutions.

  • 14. Bozhkov, Y.
    et al.
    Dimas, S.
    Ibragimov, Nail H.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Conservation laws for a coupled variable-coefficient modified Korteweg–de Vries system in a two-layer fluid model2013In: Communications in nonlinear science & numerical simulation, ISSN 1007-5704, E-ISSN 1878-7274, Vol. 18Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We find the Lie point symmetries of a coupled variable-coefficient modified Korteweg–de Vries system in a two-layer fluid model. Then we establish its quasi self-adjointness and corresponding conservation laws.

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  • 15. Broman, Göran
    Computational Engineering2003Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This book is the main course literature in the course Computational Engineering, which comprises 22,5 ECTS (European Credit Transfer System), within the programme of Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering with emphasis on Structural Mechanics at Blekinge Institute of Technology. The book starts with rather simple numerical methods for ordinary differential equations and ends with advanced topics such as finite element procedures for systems of transient, non-linear and coupled partial differential equations. Several topics from physics and engineering are included to support the study of the numerical methods.

  • 16.
    Butt, Rehan
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Numerical Aspects of Extended Curve of Growth2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In curve of growth, traditionally equivalent width is found for absorption lines of Gaussian, Lorentz and Voigt profile against flat continuum. Here, absorption against non-flat distributions is examined. These non-flat distributions are Gaussian and Lorentz distribution. Analytically equivalent widths for absorption against non-flat continuum are complicated integrals. It is impossible to solve these integrals analytically so I have solved them numerically. At low μ the absorption is independent on profile while the growth of absorption depends on profile at high μ, where μ is width.

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  • 17. Demin, I.Yu.
    et al.
    Pronchatov-Rubtsov, N.V.
    Rudenko, Oleg
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Gurbatov, S.N.
    Krainov, A.
    The numerical simulation of propagation of intensive acoustic noise2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The propagation of intensive acoustic noise is of fundamental interest in nonlinear acoustics. Some of the simplest models describing such phenomena are generalized Burgers’ equations for finite amplitude sound waves. An important problem in this field is to find the wave’s behavior far from the emitting source for stochastic initial waveforms. The method of numerical solution of generalized Burgers equation proposed is step-by-step calculation supported on using Fast Fourier Transform of the considered signal. The general idea is to keep only Fourier image of concerned signal and update it recursively (in space). For simulating the wave evolution we used 4096 (212) point realizations and took averaging over 1000 realizations. Also the object of the present study is a numerical analysis of the spectral and bispectral functions of the intense random signals propagating in nondispersive nonlinear media. The possibility of recovering the input spectrum from the measured spectrum and bispectrum at the output of the nonlinear medium is discusses. The analytical estimations are supported by numerical simulation. For two different types of primary spectrum evolution of jet noise were numerically simulates at a short distance and assayed bispectrum and a spectrum analysis of the signals.

  • 18.
    EGEREGOR, DAFE
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF HEAT TRANSFER AND PRESSURE DROP IN PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERS USING FLUENT AS CFD TOOL2008Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Corrugated walls are commonly used as passive devices for heat and mass transfer enhancement, being most effective in applications operated at transitional and turbulent Reynolds numbers. The plate heat exchanger (PHE) is an example of this application. In this thesis work, numerical simulation is used to investigate the heat transfer and pressure drop in plate heat exchangers, with the intention of determining the effect of channel geometry and flow conditions on the heat transfer of the exchangers. In this work two PHEs, one with a wave geometry, and one with a ‘chevron’ design was studied using Fluent as the CFD tool and Gambit as the preprocessor. In both cases, the temperature of the wall was kept constant, water was used as the working fluid, and the mass flow rate varied to study the effect of Reynolds number. The Reynolds number range simulated is 100-25,600.

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  • 19.
    Elfadul, Asif Ali & Muhammad Yousif
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Fuzzy Decision Making in Business Intelligence2009Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to investigate and implement fuzzy decision algorithms based on unequal objectives and minimization of regret to retrieve an optimal decision in business intelligence. Another aim was to compare these two models; those have been applied in business intelligence area. The use of unequal objectives and minimization of regret methods based on the essential concept of the fuzzy decision were applied on the business intelligence model. The first method uses Saaty’s approach of comparison objectives to determine the weight of the objectives, while the second method uses the regression of objectives which acts as a filter for high values by divesting them of their decisive power. In a complex business problem, we have used knowledge of experts in verbal expressions, converted these verbal expressions into linguistic variables and then used fuzzy decision making models to retrieve best decision. The implementation’s results of the two methods were the same regarding to the final decision set. The first model results indicated the effect of the influential factors on the products, while the second model results showed the payoff for the influential factors and its effectives on the products.

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  • 20.
    Emmanuel, Ogu Chikaodi
    et al.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Management.
    Djre, Pavis Geoffrey Kwabla
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Management.
    The Impact of Monetary Policy on Stock Market Returns in Developing Markets, A Comparative Investigation of Nigeria and Ghana Stock Markets (1990: 2010)2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The global economic meltdown which affected the stock markets all over the world also had an adverse effect on less developing countries stock markets. As a result of the meltdown, investors lost confidence in the stock market. Monetary authorities in both Nigeria and Ghana had tried in several ways to restore investor confidence and hence one of the major tools that government uses to achieve macroeconomic objective is monetary policy. There became a need to investigate how monetary policy changes affect stock market returns in the Nigerian and Ghanaian stock exchange markets. This paper is based on comparative study of Nigerian and Ghanaian stock markets in other to ascertain how monetary policy targets namely interest rate and money supply (m2) affect stock market returns. We conducted a simple regression analysis test based on annual 20 year data (1990-2010). The result shows that monetary policy has more impact on stock market returns in the Ghanaian economy than the Nigerian economy, and as such could act as a market signal for investors in the Ghanaian stock exchange market. While the Nigerian stock exchange market is insensitive to change in monetary policy as such, a change in monetary policy would not act as a market signal for investors in the Nigerian stock exchange market.

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  • 21. Enflo, Bengt
    et al.
    Hedberg, Claes
    Theory of Nonlinear Acoustics in Fluids2002Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This book presents theoretical nonlinear acoustics in fluids with equal stress on physical foundations and mathematical methods. From first principles in fluid mechanics and thermodynamics a universal mathematical model (Kuznetsov's equation) of nonlinear acoustics is developed. This model is applied to problems such as nonlinear generation of higher harmonics and combination frequencies, the shockwave from a supersonic projectile, propagation of shocks in acoustic beams and nonlinear standing waves in resonators. Special for the book is the coherent account of nonlinear acoustic theory from a unified point of view and the detailed presentations of the mathematical techniques for solving the nonlinear acoustic model equations. The book differs from mathematical books on nonlinear wave equations by its stress on their origin in physical principles and their use for physical applications. It differs from books on applications of nonlinear acoustics by its ambition to explain all steps in mathematical derivations of physical results. It is useful for practicians and researchers in acoustics feeling the need for more theoretical understanding. It can be used as a textbook for graduate or advanced undergraduate students with an adequate background in physics and mathematical analysis, specializing in acoustics, mechanics or applied mathematics. See also http://www.wkap.nl/prod/b/1-4020-0572-5.

  • 22.
    Eriksson, Mattias
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Radiation processes in the Seyfert galaxy NGC 41512012In: Astronomy and Astrophysics, ISSN 0004-6361, E-ISSN 1432-0746, Vol. 547Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims. The main aim of this work was to investigate if the radiative process photoexcitation by accidental resonance (PAR) is producing Fe II lines in the UV region of NGC 4151. At the same time I searched for collisionally excited Fe II emission. While doing so, the broad line region (BLR), intermediate line region (ILR) and narrow line region (NLR) contributions to the Mg II resonance doublet were also investigated. Methods. The focus was on the 2000 to 3000 Å wavelength region, in which decay from both the collisionally and PAR excited Fe II levels would form emission lines. I examined three archived Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) spectra of NGC 4151. Theoretical spectra based on calculated ranges for possible fluxes of the collisionally excited lines and pumping rates through the Fe II channels were then fitted to the observed spectra Results. I show that the UV region is influenced by PAR and that the Fe II fluorescence lines are clearly needed to explain the spectrum between 2000 to 3000 Å. The best fit of the theoretical spectra to the STIS spectra was obtained by assuming a similar radiation power of Fe+ ions and Mg+ ions. Conclusions. The PAR is active in the BLR of NGC 4151 and the total power of the Fe II fluorescence is a significant fraction of the total emission in the 2000 to 3000 wavelength region. Therefore it is important to incorporate this in models of NGC 4151 and possibly also in models of other active galactic nuclei. There are also many collisionally excited Fe II lines that are blended by each other and are therefore not individually observable in the NGC 4151 spectra.

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  • 23.
    Ermstål, Johan
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Self-adjointness and conservation law of nonlinear dispersive wave equations modelling elasto-plastic flows2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Two nonlinear dispersive wave equations arising in elasto-plastic flow have been investigated for self-adjointness. For these equations their symmetries are calculated and conservation laws are constructed using two different methods: an old method based on Noether´s Theorem and a new one developed by Prof. Nail Ibragimov. The new method works for a larger number of equations than the old one. It is complementing the old one in the way that it gives some conservation laws that otherwise would have been impossible to obtain.

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  • 24.
    FADAHUNSI, Adetokunbo Ibukun
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Change point detection in an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process (a reflection of trading in financial markets)2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The financial market has become an area of increasing research interest for mathematicians and statisticians in recent years. Mathematical models and methods are increasingly being applied to study various parameters of the market. One of the parameters that have attracted lots of interest is `volatility'. It is the measure of variability of prices of instruments (e.g. stock, options etc.) traded in the market. It is used mainly to measure risk and to predict future prices of assets. In this paper, the volatility of financial price processes is studied using the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. The process is a mean reverting model which has good and well documented properties to serve as a model for financial price processes. At some random time point, a parameter change in the distribution of the price process occurs. In order to control the development of prices, it is important to detect this change as quickly as possible. The methods for detecting such changes are called `stopping rules'. In this work, stopping rules will be derived and analysed. Using simulations and analytical methods, the properties of these stopping rules will be evaluated.

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  • 25.
    Francisco, Manuel Ayuso de
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Research on the Buck Converter’s Efficiency2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor)Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Nowadays, electronic devices are powered by battery. That battery provides a constant voltage; hence a voltage regulator is necessary. The Buck Converter is a kind of voltage regulator which provides a constant output voltage, regardless of the input voltage. This thesis is about the Buck Converter's efficiency and its importance to achieve good results when designing.

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  • 26.
    Gade, Praveen Kumar
    et al.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Computing, Department of Communication Systems.
    Osuri, Manjit
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Computing, Department of Communication Systems.
    Evaluation of Multi Criteria Decision Making Methods for Potential Use in Application Security2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    With an upsurge in number of available smart phones, tablet PCs etc. most users find it easy to access Internet services using mobile applications. It has been a challenging task for mobile application developers to choose suitable security types (types of authentication, authorization, security protocols, cryptographic algorithms etc.) for mobile applications. Choosing an inappropriate security type for a mobile application may lead to performance degradation and vulnerable issues in applications. The choice of the security type can be done by decision making. Decision making is a challenging task for humans. When choosing a single alternative among a set of alternatives with multiple criteria, it is hard to know which one is the better decision. Mobile application developers need to incorporate Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Models to choose a suitable security type for mobile application. A decision model for application security enhances decision making for mobile application developers to decide and set the required security types for the application. In this thesis, we discuss different types of MCDM models that have been applied in an IT security area and scope of applying MCDM models in application security area. Literature review and evaluation of the selected decision models gives a detailed overview on how to use them to provide application security.

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  • 27.
    Gomez, Aldo Fabricio Gutierrez
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Mathematical Analysis of Financial Markets2006Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Basic mathematic analysis of how financial markets work and different valuation models such as the Stochastic Market Price Estimator, valuation model created by the author.

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  • 28.
    Gopalakrishna, Abhijith
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Capacity Analysis of Cognitive Radio Relay Networks under Transmission and Interference Power Constraints2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis investigates the performance of cognitive radio relay networks (CRRN) in Rayleigh fading channel under various power constraints. Here spectrum sharing approach is considered, whereby a secondary user (SU) may be allowed to transmit simultaneously with a primary user (PU) as long as SU interference to PU remains below a tolerable level. In addition, SU has to meet certain quality of service (QoS) constraints of its own link. To support these QoS constraints, the maximal data rate that can be reliably transmitted with arbitrarily small error of probability is found. It is observed that this capacity is affected by channel quality and interference limit allowed by PU. Ergodic capacity and outage capacity which are two well known capacities, are analysed for CRRN under interference power constraints. This thesis also finds effective capacity for CRRN, a link layer channel model that models the effect of channel fading on queuing behaviour of the link. Effective capacity under interference and secondary transmitter power constraints is also investigated. The way of analysing effective capacity under interference and transmit power constraints is extended to ergodic capacity and outage capacity. Here it is observed that, capacity is affected by the minimum of transmit power and interference power constraints. Monte-Carlo simulations are carried out to support theoretical results obtained in this thesis.

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  • 29. Gosson, Maurice de
    The Principles of Classical and Quantum Mechanics2002In: Hardcover / [ed] cientific, World, London-Singapore: Imperial College Press , 2002Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This book is devoted to a symplectic approach of classical and quantum mechanics

  • 30. Haikola, Lars
    et al.
    Ibragimov, Nail H.
    Louise Petrén and her generalization of Laplace’s method2007Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Louise Petrén is an interesting person in the history of Swedish mathematics. In her PhD thesis defended in Lund in 1911, she extended to higher-order equations Laplace’s method of integration of second-order linear hyperbolic equations with two independent variables. It is interesting to consider her results from point of view of invariants of differential equations and compare with the theory of the Laplace invariants. However, L. Petrén’s research was not known until recently among mathematicians working in group analysis. The aim of our talk is to introduce Louise Petrén as a person and to discuss her generalization of Laplace’s method. Lars Haikola will contribute with a family background of Louise Petrén.

  • 31.
    Hansen, Rickard
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Pilot study: Modeling of Wildfires2008Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    There is presently no wildfire model developed for Swedish conditions, only a fire danger rating system (FWI) has been developed for Swedish conditions. The demand for a wildfire model has not been great in the past in Sweden but the climate changes now taking place increases the risk of large and intensive wildfires in Sweden. The need for additional and better tools for sizing-up wildfires will be in great demand in the future. This pre-study is aimed at: - Presenting what has been done in the wildfire modeling field during the years and mainly the last twenty years. - Giving recommendations on the continued work with developing a Swedish wildfire model. The method that was used was literature and article survey. The study also looks into the required input data for a wildfire model and the input data available at the moment. This issue is highly crucial as the quality of the output of a wildfire model is depending upon the quality of the input data. During the study, a primitive wildfire model was constructed and refined in order to get an insight in the complexities and problems with developing an operational model. The following characterization of wildfire models was used during the study: - Statistical models: based primarily on statistics from earlier or experimental fires. They do not explicitly consider the controlling physical processes. - Semi-empirical models: based on physical laws, but enhanced with some empirical factors, often by lumping all physical mechanisms for heat transfer together. - Physical models: based on physical principles and distinguishing between physical mechanisms for heat transfer. The statistical models make no attempt to involve physical processes, as they are merely a statistical description of test fires. Thus the lack of a physical basis means that statistical models must be used carefully outside the test conditions. Semi-empirical models are often based on conservation of energy principles but do not make any difference between conduction, convection and radiation heat transfer. The semi-empirical model has low computational requirements and includes variables that are generally easy to measure in the field. So despite the issue with limited accuracy, the speed and simplicity of these models make them useful for operational use. Physical models have the advantage that they are based on known relationships and thus facilitating their scaling. Thus we can expect that physical models would provide the most accurate predictions and have the widest applicability. But the work on physical models is suffering of for example the lack of understanding of several processes, such as the characterization of the chemical processes taking place during combustion, the resulting flame characteristics and the isolation and quantification of physical processes governing heat transfer. The input data available today are generally not detailed enough for physical models. As a result, a very detailed physical model will still only give imprecise predictions. As better and more detailed input will be available, the use of physical models will be more justified. A semi-empirical model is recommended being developed in Sweden. This conclusion is based upon the following factors: - The accuracy of a semi-empirical model is generally much better than for a statistical model, also the use of a semi-empirical model is much wider than the use of a statistical model. - The amount of work required for developing a semi-empirical model will not differ much from the amount of work required for a statistical model. In both cases a number of test fires will have to be conducted to define and calibrate a number of fuel models representative of Sweden. - Presently the performance and application of physical models is not at an acceptable level (due to for example the complexity which they are to model and the computational capabilities of the PC’s of today) for operational use. The semi-empirical model for Sweden is recommended to be built upon Swedish conditions (i.e. built upon the type of vegetation found in Sweden) instead of trying to retrofit the local Swedish conditions into an existing model. This would most likely give the best output for Swedish conditions. A system for better input data - weather and fuel data – should be worked on as well. This could for example take advantage of the results of the very promising “Alarm”-project that is being conducted in western part of Sweden. Regarding the issue on better fuel data, new technology for satellite images or aerial photos and image classification techniques must be monitored as one major problem to be solved is distinguishing between the canopy fuel and the ground fuel. For more specific conclusions and reflections, please see the analysis and discussion, and conclusions sections of this report.

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  • 32.
    Hasan, Mohammad Kamrul
    et al.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Applied Signal Processing.
    Hossain, Faham
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Applied Signal Processing.
    Earth Fault Currents in Three Phase systems2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor)Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This paper focuses on the grounding methods for distribution systems and the characteristics and behavior of earth fault currents. At First different existing grounding methods such as isolated neutral, solidly grounded, Resonant grounding, low and high impedance groundings are introduced. Secondly, focus is placed on further describing these methods and the viability of each of these methods in different scenarios. Then these methods are further analyzed by using equivalent circuit designs. Using the equivalent circuit helps to derive the formulations and equations. It is shown that the designing of these systems in fact follows basic electrical properties such as voltage dividing and current dividing principles. The derived equations are further tested experimentally to prove the characteristics and behavior of these methods. Finally, the report is concluded by testing some of these methods (isolated neutral and grounding via resistor methods) in the laboratory and the results obtained are analyzed with the theoretical results to determine the characteristics and behavior of these methods. In this manner it is shown experimentally that in case of isolated neutral systems the summation of currents through all the phases (current flow through the line model) is zero when there is no earth fault. In case of an earth fault occurring across one of the phases the neutral-to-ground voltage becomes equal to the voltage across the faulted phase and also the sum of currents passing through the healthy phases is equal to the current flowing through the faulted phase. This phenomenon is proved in the second experiment. The third experiment proves the relation between the earth fault current and current via the resistor and the currents via the healthy phases whereby it is shown that the fault current is equal to the root square summation of currents of resistor and healthy phases. This is one of the characteristics of grounded via resistor system. The next experimental setup also focuses on the characteristics of grounded via resistor system whereby it is shown that the fault current and the total phase current are independent of any external load. The last experiment proves the phenomenon that phase-to-phase voltage remains intact during times of earth fault and the system continues the operation uninterrupted as it should be in case of isolated neutral grounding system.

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  • 33. Hedberg, Claes
    et al.
    Rudenko, Oleg
    Interaction between low and high-frequency Modes in a Nonlinear System: Gas-Filled Cylinder Covered by a movable Piston2003In: Nonlinear dynamics, ISSN 0924-090X, E-ISSN 1573-269X, Vol. 32, no 4, p. 405-416Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A simple mechanical system containing a low-frequency vibration mode and set of high-frequency acoustic modes is considered. The frequency response is calculated. Nonlinear behaviour and interaction between modes is described by system of functional equations. Two types of nonlinearities are taken into account. The first one is caused by the finite displacement of a movable boundary, and the second one is the volume nonlinearity of gas. New mathematical models based on nonlinear equations are suggested. Some examples of nonlinear phenomena are discussed on the base of derived solutions.

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  • 34. Holmgren, Johan
    On the integration of optimization and agent technology for transportation and production planning2010Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis concerns the integration of agent technology and mathematical optimization for improved decision support within the domain of analysis and planning of production and transportation. These two approaches have often been used separately in this domain but the research concerning how to combine them is very limited. The studied domain is considered to be complex due to the fact that many decision makers, which influence each other, often are involved in the decision making process. Moreover, problems in the domain are typically large and combinatorial, which makes them more difficult to solve. We argue that the integration of agent-based approaches and mathematical optimization has a high potential to improve analysis and planning of production and transportation. In order to support this hypothesis, we have developed and analyzed three different approaches to the integration of agent technology and mathematical optimization. First, we present a Multi-Agent-Based Simulation (MABS) model called TAPAS for simulation of decision-making and physical activities in supply chains. By using agent technology and optimization, we were able to simulate the decision-making of the involved actors as well as the interaction between them, which is difficult using traditional simulation techniques. In simulation experiments, TAPAS has been used to study the effects of different types of governmental taxes, and synchronization of timetables. Moreover, we provide an analysis of existing MABS applications with respect to a number of criteria. Also, we present a framework containing a number of abstract roles, responsibilities, and interactions, which can be used to simplify the process of developing MABS models. Second, we present an approach for efficient planning and execution of intermodal transports. The approach provides agent-based support for key tasks, such as, finding the optimal sequence of transport services (potentially provided by different transport operators) for a particular goods transport, and monitoring the execution of transports. We analyzed the requirements of such an approach and described a multi-agent system architecture meeting these requirements. Finally, an optimization model for a real world integrated production, inventory, and routing problem was developed. For solving and analyzing the problem, we developed an agent-based solution method based on the principles of Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition. The purpose was to improve resource utilization and to analyze the potential effects of introducing VMI (Vendor Managed Inventory). In a case study, we conducted simulation experiments, which indicated that an increased number of VMI customers may give a significant reduction of the total cost in the system.

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  • 35.
    Hultgren, Anders
    et al.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering.
    Melin, Jan
    Ranstad, Per
    Asymmetric Limit Cycles in an Industrially Applied Controlled Resonant Converter2009Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An industrially applied LCC power converter is modelled as a hybrid system. It is found that the hybrid system given a parameter set up and different initial conditions has three different limit cycles, one unstable and two asymmetric stable limit cycles. Effects of the asymmetric limit cycles are considered.

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  • 36. Hultgren, Anders
    et al.
    Melin, Jan
    Ranstad, Per
    Limit Cycles in an Industrially Applied Hybrid System2010Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An industrially applied LCC power converter is modelled as a hybrid system. It is found that the hybrid system with three continuous states and one logic state given a parameter set up and different initial conditions has among other solutions one central closed trajectory and two types of limit cycles, on the left and the right side. The other solutions are indicated.

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  • 37.
    Hussain, Majid
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Fuzzy Relations2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    One of the most fundamental notions in pure and applied sciences is the concept of a relation. Science has been described as the discovery of relations between objects, states and events. Fuzzy relations generalize the concept of relations in the same manner as fuzzy sets generalize the fundamental idea of sets. This work presents an overview of comparison between classical and fuzzy relations. Some important compositions of fuzzy relations have been described and using these compositions a model for predicting score in cricket is developed. Finally it deals with the restoration and the identification of the causes (diagnosis) through the observed effects (symptoms) on the basis of fuzzy relations.

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  • 38.
    Hussain, Zahid
    et al.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Sulaiman, Muhammad
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Sackey, Edward K. E.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering.
    Optimal System of Subalgebras and Invariant Solutions for the Black-Scholes Equation2009Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The main purpose of this thesis is to use modern goal-oriented adaptive methods of Lie group analysis to construct the optimal sys- tem of Black-Scholes equation. We will show in this thesis how to obtain all invariant solutions by constructing what has now become so popular, optimal system of sub-algebras, the main Lie algebra admit- ted by the Black-Scholes equation. First, we obtain the commutator table of already calculated symmetries of the Black-Scholes equation. We then followed with the calculations of transformation of the gen- erators with the Lie algebra L6 which provides one-parameter group of linear transformations for the operators. Here we make use of the method of Lie equations to solve the partial di®erential equations. Next, we consider the construction of optimal systems of the Black- Scholes equation where the method requires a simpli¯cation of a vector to a general form to each of the transformations of the generators. Further, we construct the invariant solutions for each of the op- timal system. This study is motivated by the analysis of Lie groups which is being taken to another level by ALGA here in Blekinge In- stitute Technology, Sweden. We give a practical and in-depth steps and explanation of how to construct the commutator table, the calcu- lation of the transformation of the generators and the construction of the optimal system as well as their invariant solutions. Keywords: Black-Scholes Equation, commutators, commutator table, Lie equa- tions, invariant solution, optimal system, generators, Airy equation, structure constant,

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  • 39. Ibragimov, Nail
    A survey on integration of parabolic equations by reducing them to the heat equation2011In: Contemporary mathematics / [ed] Blázquez-Sanz, David; Morales-Ruiz, Juan J.; Lombardero, Jesús Rodríguez, AMS (American Mathematical society) , 2011Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The present paper is a survey of results [1], [2] on extension of Euler’s method for solving hyperbolic equations with one spatial variable to parabolic equations. The new method, based on the invariants of parabolic equations, allows one to identify all linear parabolic equations reducible to the heat equation and find their general solution. The method is illustrated by several examples.

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  • 40. Ibragimov, Nail
    Archives of ALGA. Volume 32006Collection (editor) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Volume 3 contains 6 articles: Lars Haikola, Louise Petrén-Overton, min mormor; Lars Haikola, Louise Petr´en-Overton, my grandmother. Traslations: Louise Petrén, Extension of Laplace's method to the equations...; E. Bessel-Hagen, On conservation laws of electrodynamics. Nail H. Ibragimov, The answer to the question put to me by L.V. Ovsyannikov 33 years ago; Nail H. Ibragimov, Raisa Khamitova, Bo Thidé, Adjoint system and conservation laws for symmetrized electromagnetic equations with a dual Ohm's law.

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  • 41. Ibragimov, Nail
    Archives of ALGA, volume 52008Collection (editor) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Volume 5 contains 3 articles by N.Ibragimov, an article by R. Khamitova and the English translation of V.P.Ermakov's article "Second order differential equations:conditions of complete integrability".

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  • 42. Ibragimov, Nail
    Archives of ALGA. Volume 62009Collection (editor) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Volume 6 contains 6 articles: Nail H. Ibragimov, Utilization of canonical variables for integration of systems of first-order differential equations; Nail H. Ibragimov and Ranis N. Ibragimov, Group analysis of nonlinear internal waves in oceans. I: Self-adjointness, conservation laws, invariant solutions; Nail H. Ibragimov, Ranis N. Ibragimov and Vladimir F. Kovalev, Group analysis of nonlinear internal waves in oceans. II: The symmetries and rotationally invariant solution; Nail H. Ibragimov and Ranis N. Ibragimov, Group analysis of nonlinear internal waves in oceans. III: Additional conservation laws; Nail H. Ibragimov Alternative presentation of Lagrange's method of variation of parameters; Nail H. Ibragimov Application of group analysis to liquid metal systems.

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  • 43.
    Ibragimov, Nail
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Conservation laws and non-invariant solutions of anisotropic wave equations with a source2018In: Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications, ISSN 1468-1218, Vol. 40, p. 82-94Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Linear and nonlinear waves in anisotropic media are used in various fields, e.g. in biomechanics, biomedical acoustics, etc. The present paper is devoted to discussion of nonlinear anisotropic wave equations with a source from point of view of their conservation laws and exact solutions associated with conservation laws. Nonlinearly self-adjoint wave equations with special source terms are singled out. The conservation laws associated with symmetries of the nonlinearly self-adjoint wave equations are computed and used for constructing exact solutions. The obtained solutions are different from group invariants solutions, in particular, from steady state and traveling wave solutions. The paper is designed for the application oriented readers. Its main goal is to introduce readers, interested in solutions of mathematical models having real world applications, to the recent method of conservation laws for constructing exact solutions of partial differential equations using conservation laws. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

  • 44.
    Ibragimov, Nail
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Construction of Conservation Laws Using Symmetries2014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The concept of nonlinear self-adjointness of differential equations, introduced by the author in 2010, is discussed in detail. All linear equations and systems are nonlinearly self-adjoint. Moreover, the class of nonlinearly self-adjoint equations includes all nonlinear equations and systems having at least one local conservation law. It follows, in particular, that the integrable systems possessing infinite set of Lie-Backlund symmetries (higher-order tangent transformations) are nonlinearly self-adjoint. An explicit formula for conserved vectors associated with symmetries is provided for all nonlinearly self-adjoint differential equations and systems. The number of equations contained in the systems under consideration can be different from the number of dependent variables. A utilization of conservation laws for constructing exact solutions is discussed and illustrated by computing non-invariant solutions of the Chaplygin equations in gas dynamics.

  • 45.
    Ibragimov, Nail
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    Selected Works: Volume 52014Book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Advanced topics to be added to my textbook "A Practical Course in Differential Equations and Mathematical Modelling".

    This volume is dedicated to the memory of my teacher and friend Lev Vasilyevich Ovsyannikov (22.04.1919{23.05.2014).

    Volume V contains preprints written during 2008-2014 as advanced topics to be added to the textbook.  They include, e.g. a discussion of a wide class of linear ordinary differential equations whose integration is reducible to solution of algebraic equations. This class contains the constant coefficient equations and Euler’s equations as particular cases. The recent method of nonlinear self-adjointness for constructing conservations laws associated with symmetries of partial differential equations is also presented in this volume.

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  • 46. Ibragimov, Nail H.
    A Bridge Between Lie Symmetries and Galois Groups2009Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A bridge between Lie symmetry groups for differential equations and Galois groups for algebraic equations is suggested. It is based on calculation of Lie symmetries for algebraic equations and their restriction of the roots of the equations under consideration. The approach is illustrated by several examples. An alternative representation of Lie symmetries, called the Galois representation, is provided for differential equations.

  • 47. Ibragimov, Nail H.
    A discussion of conservation laws for over-determined systems with application to the Maxwell equations in vacuum.2007In: Archives of ALGA, ISSN 1652-4934, Vol. 4, p. 19-54Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The evolutionary part of Maxwell's equations has a Lagrangian written in terms of the electric and magnetic fields, but admit neither Lorentz nor conformal transformations. The additional equations on vanishing the divergences of the electric and magnetic fields guarantee the Lorentz and conformal invariance, but the resulting overdetermined system does not have a Lagrangian. The aim of the present paper is to attain a harmony between these two contradictory properties.

  • 48. Ibragimov, Nail H.
    A new conservation theorem2007In: Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, ISSN 0022-247X, E-ISSN 1096-0813, Vol. 333, no 1, p. 311-328Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A general theorem on conservation laws for arbitrary differential equations is proved. The theorem is valid also for any system of differential equations where the number of equations is equal to the number of dependent variables. The new theorem does not require existence of a Lagrangian and is based on a concept of an adjoint equation for non-linear equations suggested recently by the author. It is proved that the adjoint equation inherits all symmetries of the original equation. Accordingly, one can associate a conservation law with any group of Lie, Lie-Backlund or non-local symmetries and find conservation laws for differential equations without classical Lagrangians.

  • 49. Ibragimov, Nail H.
    A practical course in differential equations and mathematical modeling2009Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    A practical course in differential equations and mathematical modelling is a unique blend of the traditional methods with Lie group analysis enriched by author’s own theoretical developments. The main objective of the book is to develop new mathematical curricula based on symmetry and invariance principles. This approach helps to make courses in differential equations, mathematical modelling, distributions and fundamental solution, etc. easy to follow and interesting for students. The book is based on author’s long-term experience of teaching at Novosibirsk and Moscow Universities in Russia, Collège de France, Georgia Tech and Stanford University in USA, Universities in South Africa, Cyprus, Turkey, and Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH) in Sweden. The new curriculum prepares the students for solving modern nonlinear problems and attracts essentially more students than the traditional way of teaching mathematics. The book can be used as a main textbook by undergraduate and graduate students and their teachers in applied mathematics, physics and engineering sciences.

  • 50. Ibragimov, Nail H.
    A practical course in differential equations and mathematical modelling: classical and new methods, nonlinear mathematical models, symmetry and invariance principles2006Book (Other academic)
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