En examination där studenterna blir medskapare av tentamen med hjälp av artificiell intelligens (AI), är det möjligt? Bedömning av studenters lärande är en central del av högre utbildning. Det ska vara väl valda examinationer för att kunna bedöma att lärandemålen är uppnådda. Examinationsupplägg diskuteras därför regelbundet av alla som är verksamma inom högre utbildning. Ett annat ämne som diskuterats flitigt är användningen av AI som under de senaste åren både har skapat nya möjligheter och nya utmaningar. Under hösten 2025 utvecklades och utvärderades ett nytt upplägg för en examination i en kurs om sjukdomslära, där lärande och examination skapas gemensamt av studenter, lärare och AI. I denna artikel delas erfarenheterna från detta nya studentaktiva upplägget, både från lärares och studenters perspektiv

Introduction Organ donation and transplantation can be lifesaving. Many donors are older adults. National Donor Registries can promote adherence to patients' rights and safeguard patient integrity if the question about organ donation arises. However, a majority have not entered the National Donor Registry in Sweden.

Objective Investigate how sociodemographic factors, health-related factors, and attitudes toward organ donation are associated with whether or not older adults in Sweden are registered in the National Donor Registry.

Methods A cross-sectional survey design was chosen to explore associations between individual characteristics and registration behavior among older adults. Data was collected through the Swedish National Study on Ageing and Care (SNAC)-IT survey in 2023, a sub-study to the SNAC. 436 participants 60 years old or older answered the survey. The survey included questions on sociodemographic and health-related factors and attitudes toward organ donation. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman's rank correlation, and the Chi-square test.

Results Registration in the Swedish National Donor Registry was low among older adults, with only 25.5% of participants listed despite 70.4% expressing a positive attitude toward organ donation. Among those who oppose organ donation only 6.9% were in the registry. Younger age, higher self-rated health, better health-related quality of life (EQ-5D VAS), being unmarried, being a previous smoker, and having a positive attitude toward donation were all significantly associated with being registered (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate a gap between supportive beliefs and registration behavior among older adults.

Conclusion There is a gap between beliefs and actions regarding organ donation among older adults. While most have a positive attitude toward organ donation, they are not registered in the National Donor Registry. Additionally, the vast majority who oppose organ donation after death are not registered, raising the risk that their actual wishes may be disregarded due to presumed consent.

TIHA - Institutionen för hälsa har använt Inspera för tentamen sedan 2017

och genomför alla salstentamen digitalt. Inspera är den digitala provplattform

som används på BTH. Genom att digitalisera tentamen får man förutom ett

effektivare tentamensflöde även nya möjligheter att utforma tentamensfrågor

Aim: The aim of this scoping review was to give an overview of the usability and feasibility of smart glasses in nursing education. In addition, this study will highlight nursing students’ experiences of using smart glasses in learning situations. Background: Healthcare is becoming increasingly complex and technological and so is nursing education. Technology enhanced learning aims to enhance the teaching-learning process through use of technology, for example through smart glasses. Design and methods: A literature review using a scoping review methodology was conducted. Qualitative content analysis was performed to analyse data. 14 references were included in the analysis. References were found using the databases PubMed, SCOPUS and ERIC. Results: The analysis resulted in three categories; (1) Situations in which smart glasses have been used in nursing education, (2) Learning experiences from using smart glasses in nursing education, and (3) User experiences from using smart glasses in nursing education. Smart glasses were used in different learning situations and were in general positively evaluated by nursing students. Although, drawbacks of using smart glasses were noted which could negatively effect student learning. Conclusions: Smart glasses have been used in a variety of learning situations in nursing education and enabled new learning situations. Students found smart glasses beneficial for their learning and smart glasses motivated and engaged students in the learning situation. Although, this was both user- and situation dependent. Technical issues could cause students to lose focus and there is need for technical support to facilitate the learning curve. By learning from others’ experiences unnecessary drawbacks can be avoided. © 2023 The Authors

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe burden of care related to monitoring patient vital signs of intensive care unit patients in a Swedish hospital. Setting: Data collected by “The Swedish Intensive Care Registry” from one general category II intensive care unit in a Swedish hospital was included in this study. Data from year 2014 to 2020 was analysed comprising a total of 3617 intensive care episodes and 29,165 work shifts. Research methodology: This is a retrospective database study. Descriptive statistics gave an overview of the dataset. To test for differences between variables related to burden of care for “Documentation of monitoring” Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test was performed using STATA. Results: “Documentation of monitoring” was reported to generate a prominent burden of care during intensive care. Nearly all patients had continuous monitoring. Comparison for burden of care related to “Documentation of monitoring” for sexes generated no statistically significant difference. Comparison for burden of care related to “Documentation of monitoring” among age groups, diagnose groups and time of day generated statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Monitoring patient vital signs was clearly present during intensive care, hence impacting intensive care nurses’ clinical practice. Further research is endorsed to improve and facilitate monitoring to keep improving patient safety. © 2022 The Authors

Monitoring patient vital signs is one of many important tasks for health care professionals in intensive care units and anaesthesia departments. Patient status can deteriorate in seconds, hence close surveillance is requisite for safe care. However, monitoring vital signs can be challenging in some situations. Smart glasses have been suggested for facilitating the monitoring of vital signs. To be useful, smart glasses require a customised application and must be integrated in the interacting work system. A work system comprises Person(s), Tasks, Technology and Tools, Organisation, and Environment. The work system affects care processes and outcomes, and one outcome is patient safety. 

The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate health care professionals’ views on and experiences of smart glasses, as well as whether smart glasses could influence patient safety in complex care environments. Five studies were conducted to answer the overall aim. A scoping review compiled previous research about smart glasses in complex care environments (Study I). Through focus group interviews, health care professionals’ views on smart glasses were collected (Studies II and III). Software developers used the knowledge generated to develop a smart glass application for vital signs monitoring. In individual interviews health care professionals shared their experiences’ using smart glasses for vital signs monitoring during clinical anaesthesia care (Study V). A database study was also conducted to describe burden of care related to monitoring (Study IV). The results were synthesised using SEIPS 2.0. 

The results presented in this thesis show that smart glasses can be used to monitor vital signs, and that they made it possible to monitor vital signs regardless of location. However, using smart glasses for vital signs monitoring requires further development to meet clinical needs. The complexity of care in intensive care units and at anaesthesia departments was evident, as were health care professionals’ responsibilities and their commitment to providing safe care for patients. 

This thesis concludes that adding smart glasses to the work system will affect other components of the work system and hence also processes and outcomes such as patient safety. Providing safe care for patients in complex care environments is challenging. The patient’s best is health care professionals’ highest priority, hence health care professionals are an asset for patient safety. To have positive impact on patient safety, new tools such as smart glasses must be designed to fit into the rest of the work system and to facilitate health care professionals’ work processes.

Purpose To describe nurse anesthetists’ experiences using smart glasses to monitor patients’ vital signs during anesthesia care. Methods Data was collected through individual semi-structured interviews with seven nurse anesthetists who had used smart glasses, with a customized application for monitoring vital signs, during clinical anesthesia care. Data was analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results An overarching theme became evident during analysis; Facing and embracing responsibility. Being a nurse anesthetist entails a great responsibility, and the participants demonstrated that they shouldered this responsibility with pride. The theme was divided in two sub-themes. The first of these, A new way of working, comprised the categories Adoption and Utility. This involved incorporating smart glasses into existing routines in order to provide safe anesthesia care. The second sub-theme, Encountering side effects, consisted of the categories Obstacles and Personal affect. This sub-theme concerned the possibility to use smart glasses as intended, as well as the affect on nurse anesthetists as users. Conclusion Smart glasses improved access to vital signs and enabled continuous monitoring regardless of location. Continued development and improvement, both in terms of the application software and the hardware, are necessary for smart glasses to meet nurse anesthetists’ needs in clinical practice. Copyright: © 2021 Romare et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Purpose: Smart glasses are a kind of wearable technology that gives users sustained, hands-free access to data and can transmit and receive information wirelessly. Earlier studies have suggested that smart glasses have the potential to improve patient safety in anesthesia care. Research regarding health care professionals' views of the potential use of smart glasses in anesthesia care is limited. The purpose of this study was to describe anesthesia health care professionals' views of smart glasses before clinical use. Design: A qualitative descriptive study. Methods: Data were collected from focus group interviews and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Findings: Three categories of participants' views of smart glasses were created during the analysis: views of integrating smart glasses in clinical setting; views of customized functionality of smart glasses; and views of being a user of smart glasses. One theme, striving for situational control, was identified in the analysis. Conclusions: Smart glasses were seen as a tool that can impact and improve access to patient-related information, and aid health care professionals in their struggle to gain situational control during anesthesia care. These are factors related to increased patient safety. (c) 2020 American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Background: Anesthesia departments and intensive care units represent two advanced, high-tech, and complex care environments. Health care in those environments involves different types of technology to provide safe, high-quality care. Smart glasses have previously been used in different health care settings and have been suggested to assist health care professionals in numerous areas. However, smart glasses in the complex contexts of anesthesia care and intensive care are new and innovative. An overview of existing research related to these contexts is needed before implementing smart glasses into complex care environments. Objective: The aim of this study was to highlight potential benefits and limitations with health care professionals' use of smart glasses in situations occurring in complex care environments. Methods: A scoping review with six steps was conducted to fulfill the objective. Database searches were conducted in PubMed and Scopus; original articles about health care professionals’ use of smart glasses in complex care environments and/or situations occurring in those environments were included. The searches yielded a total of 20 articles that were included in the review. Results: Three categories were created during the qualitative content analysis: (1) smart glasses as a versatile tool that offers opportunities and challenges, (2) smart glasses entail positive and negative impacts on health care professionals, and (3) smart glasses' quality of use provides facilities and leaves room for improvement. Smart glasses were found to be both a helpful tool and a hindrance in caring situations that might occur in complex care environments. This review provides an increased understanding about different situations where smart glasses might be used by health care professionals in clinical practice in anesthesia care and intensive care; however, research about smart glasses in clinical complex care environments is limited. Conclusions: Thoughtful implementation and improved hardware are needed to meet health care professionals’ needs. New technology brings challenges; more research is required to elucidate how smart glasses affect patient safety, health care professionals, and quality of care in complex care environments. ©Charlotte Romare, Lisa Skär.