Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Eye Tracking and Human Influence Factors’ Impact on Quality of Experience of Mobile Gaming
Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Computing, Department of Technology and Aesthetics.ORCID iD: 0009-0004-2874-0403
Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Computing, Department of Technology and Aesthetics.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4327-117x
Dubizzlelabs, Pakistan.
Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Computing, Department of Technology and Aesthetics.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8929-4911
2024 (English)In: Future Internet, E-ISSN 1999-5903, Vol. 16, no 11, article id 420Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Mobile gaming accounts for more than 50% of global online gaming revenue, surpassing console and browser-based gaming. The success of mobile gaming titles depends on optimizing applications for the specific hardware constraints of mobile devices, such as smaller displays and lower computational power, to maximize battery life. Additionally, these applications must dynamically adapt to the variations in network speed inherent in mobile environments. Ultimately, user engagement and satisfaction are critical, necessitating a favorable comparison to browser and console-based gaming experiences. While Quality of Experience (QoE) subjective evaluations through user surveys are the most reliable method for assessing user perception, various factors, termed influence factors (IFs), can affect user ratings of stimulus quality. This study examines human influence factors in mobile gaming, specifically analyzing the impact of user delight towards displayed content and the effect of gaze tracking. Using Pupil Core eye-tracking hardware, we captured user interactions with mobile devices and measured visual attention. Video stimuli from eight popular games were selected, with resolutions of 720p and 1080p and frame rates of 30 and 60 fps. Our results indicate a statistically significant impact of user delight on the MOS for most video stimuli across all games. Additionally, a trend favoring higher frame rates over screen resolution emerged in user ratings. These findings underscore the significance of optimizing mobile gaming experiences by incorporating models that estimate human influence factors to enhance user satisfaction and engagement.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI, 2024. Vol. 16, no 11, article id 420
Keywords [en]
gaze tracking; QoE; mobile gaming; eye tracking in mobile gaming; human IFs and multimedia
National Category
Human Computer Interaction
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:bth-27094DOI: 10.3390/fi16110420ISI: 001365091400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85210229630OAI: oai:DiVA.org:bth-27094DiVA, id: diva2:1913038
Available from: 2024-11-13 Created: 2024-11-13 Last updated: 2025-09-30Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Examining QoE Influence Factors: The Interplay of Perception and Experience
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Examining QoE Influence Factors: The Interplay of Perception and Experience
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The future trend of internet usage increasingly emphasizes visual modes of engagement and user interactions across complex scenarios, including multimedia video, gaming, mapping services, and immersive applications. Consequently, the success of media creators, application developers, and service providers hinges on selecting appropriate tools and technologies to optimize the user experience. Quality of Experience (QoE) offers a framework for evaluating user experience and satisfaction with applications or services by using both objective and subjective metrics. It is important to recognize that various factors can influence user feedback, including different traits of human personality, interactions with systems, and the context in which they are used.

In this thesis, we adopt a holistic approach to evaluate the QoE for video quality and outdoor applications, focusing on system, human, and contextual influence factors. From a system perspective, we investigate the performance of widely implemented video codecs and propose more effective objective QoE metrics. The objective results are benchmarked against subjective outcomes to underscore their limitations in quantifying user experience, which is influenced by numerous factors beyond system-related aspects. Regarding human influence factors, our analysis encompasses user delight with the content presented, mood, gender, and the impact of eye-tracking on user assessments. A key observation is the critical importance of selecting stimuli that effectively engage users to accurately capture the true impact of user delight in the context of mobile gaming. For contextual factors, we examine the frequency of use and highlight the distinction between assumptions and actual experiences during user evaluations of outdoor activities. Our findings reveal the notable effects of these influence factors, particularly user delight, which demonstrated significant outcomes. The impact of visual attention on user behavior and subsequent ratings was also established. Furthermore, we identify limitations in existing QoE metrics and underscore the need for more cohesive QoE models that effectively engage users with mobility-driven applications or services that are not confined to multimedia streaming. These insights are drawn from several use cases reflecting the evolving ways in which users are interacting with systems nowadays. Our findings highlight the need for future QoE methodologies to evolve, by integrating the complex interplay of technical and human-centric variables. This evolution is essential to develop flexible, dynamic, and scalable solutions that cater to the demands of diverse applications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Karlskrona: Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, 2025. p. 161
Series
Blekinge Institute of Technology Doctoral Dissertation Series, ISSN 1653-2090 ; 2025:04
Keywords
QoE Metrics, Human Influence Factors, Mobile Gaming, Multimedia Streaming, Gaze Tracking, Dynamic Surveys, Outdoor Cycling
National Category
Computer Sciences
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:bth-27249 (URN)978-91-7295-495-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-02-27, Ateljén, BTH Campus Karlshamn, Karlshamn, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2024-12-17 Created: 2024-12-16 Last updated: 2025-09-30Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(25350 kB)289 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 25350 kBChecksum SHA-512
43e2ad732f33209b132fec50ad0e3b4b0a52edb29b71bbc07129271dbad48a733211fed6f775881cb4195aa297787deddf56c1ae2ef0ae99ca42d06b92248a95
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

Other links

Publisher's full textScopus

Authority records

Nawaz, OmerKhatibi, SiamakFiedler, Markus

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Nawaz, OmerKhatibi, SiamakFiedler, Markus
By organisation
Department of Technology and Aesthetics
In the same journal
Future Internet
Human Computer Interaction

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 289 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

doi
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
urn-nbn
Total: 487 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf